LAYER 2 NETWORKS

In computer networks, layers are a way of organizing and structuring the software and hardware of a network to allow different components of the network to work together efficiently and reliably. The layers are organized in a hierarchy, where each layer is responsible for a specific set of functions and provides services to the layer above it. This allows the different layers to work independently and in a modular way, making it easier to develop, update, and maintain the network.

LAYER 3 NETWORKS

For example, in the OSI reference model, seven different layers are used to organize the functions of a network:

Layer 7: Application
Layer 6: Presentation
Layer 5: Session
Layer 4: Transport
Layer 3: Network
Layer 2: Data link
Layer 1: Physical

Each layer has a set of protocols and standards that define how its functions are to be performed, and how they are to interact with the other layers. For example, the transport layer is responsible for ensuring the reliable delivery of data over the network, while the data link layer is responsible for controlling the flow of data between devices connected to the same local network. Using layers in the architecture of a network allows for greater flexibility and scalability, and makes it easier to develop new applications and network services.